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Chauncey Yellow Robe
Chauncey Yellow Robe ("Kills in the Woods") (Canowicakte) (1867–1930) was an educator, lecturer and Native American activist. Yellow Robe was a widely known intellectual and one of the best-educated American Indians in the United States. Yellow Robe was raised in the Sicangu Lakota tradition, an honors graduate of the Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and a founding member of the Society of American Indians. He crossed cultural bridges to improve the status of American Indians, believed that the majority of Anglos were ignorant of what Indians were capable of achieving, and urged Indians to fully participate in all aspects of American life. Yellow Robe was at the forefront in the fight for American Indian citizenship during the Progressive Era, and collaborated with American Museum of Natural History to produce ''The Silent Enemy'', the first movie and documentary with an all-Indian cast.
==Early life==
Chauncey Yellow Robe ("Kills in the Woods") (Canowicakte) was born in what is now southern Montana around 1867, in the Sičháŋǧu Oyáte in Lakota or "Burnt Thighs Nation." 〔Marjorie Weinberg, "The Real Rosebud: The Triumph of a Lakota Woman", (hereinafter "Weinberg), University of Nebraska Press (2004), p.13. See Chauncey Yellow Robe, "My Boyhood Days", ''The American Indian Magazine'', Vol., 4, January–March, 1916, pp. 50-53. Chauncey's birth date is in dispute. His gravestone bears the year 1870. See http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=46168549.〕 Chauncey’s father Chief Yellow Robe (Tasinagi), first known as White Thunder, assumed the name Yellow Robe name for his heroic war deeds against a Yellow Robe family of Crow Indians. Tasinagi was a descendant of two famous leaders of the Dakota Sioux nation, Sitting Bull and Iron Plume. Tasinagi signed the Treaty of 1868, fought in the Battle of the Little Big Horn and died in 1904 at the age of eighty-seven,〔Weinberg, pp. 1-13. See http://anthropology.usf.edu/women/rosebud/Rosebud.html〕 Chauncey’s mother Tachcawin (Deer Woman), was a niece of Sitting Bull and had seven children with Chief Yellow Robe.〔Donovin Arleigh Sprague, “Rosebud Sioux”, 2005, p. 79; Weinberg, p. 13.〕 As a boy, Chauncey lived on the Rosebud Indian Reservation. "Kills in the Woods" was trained in Lakota skills of making bows and arrows, riding ponies bareback, foot racing, wrestling and swimming.〔Weinberg, p.13.〕 “Sometimes during a morning of a winter blizzard my father used to wake me up out of my warm bed of buffalo robes and dare me to go out and lay down in the deep snow and roll in it ‘as I had come into the world'. This was not as a punishment, but a test of endurance.”〔Weinberg, pp.13-14.〕 Chauncey did not see a white man until he was ten or eleven years old. When he did, he could not decide if it was a man or an animal, and as the creature approached, he decided it was an evil spirit and ran to the tipi of his father.〔Chauncey saw his first white man when his parents made cam near one of the trading posts along the Missouri River. He was playing near the camp when he saw a creature come toward them. It had long fair hair and a beard and was wearing a large hat and a fringed buckskin suit. He could not decide if it was a man or an animal, and as the creature approached, he decided it was an evil spirit and ran to the tipi of his father. Rosebud Yellow Robe, “Tonweya and the Eagles: And Other Lakota Tales, (hereinafter "Rosebud Yellow Robe"), p. 13.〕 “Canowicakte spent many hours in the tipi of his grandfather and grandmother. They were his tutors in legends and history of the tribe. He was expected to memorize all these stories so that he in turn would be able to relate them to his children. He was taught respect and reverence for Wakan-tanka, the Great Mystery. He learned of the great and inspiring deeds of the famous chiefs, warriors and medicine men. He was trained in the old customs of how to make bows and arrows for hunting and for wars. He learned how to hunt deer and buffalo. He enjoyed wrestling, swimming and foot racing with his companions." 〔Rosebud Yellow Robe, p. 12.〕 Later in his life, Chauncey would spend many hours telling his children the Lakota tales he was told by his grandparents.
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